The question of information justice (Jeffrey, 2016)In the 1990s, the government of India began a program to digitize and open land records, one rooted in what open data proponents tout as its chief virtue. Digitizing the Record of Rights, Tenants, and Crops (RTC) along with demographic and spatial data was intended to empower citizens against state bureaucracies and corrupt officials through transparency and accountability. In fact, what happened was anything but democratic. The claims of the lowest classes of Indian society were completely excluded from the records, leading to the loss of their historic land tenancies to groups better able to support their land claims within the process defined by the data systems. Far from empowering the least well off, the digitization program reinforced the power of bureaucracies, public officials, and developers. This case illustrates an underappreciated challenge in data science: creating systems that promote justice.